581
Electron beam welding is a type of fusion welding in which a directed beam of high-frequency electrons acts on two materials to be joined. A special welding unit is used for this purpose http://gk-sk.ru/svarochnoe-oborudovanie/svarochnye-agregaty/Iskra/add_4004/ having the necessary functionality. Upon impact, the kinetic power of negatively charged electrons turns into thermal power, as a result of which the workpiece melts. Such a process is most often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent scattering of the electron beam. Electrons are the main element in this method of connection. These are elementary particles with a negative charge. Electrons in a vacuum are accelerated and directed under the influence of magnetic and electric fields. Under these conditions, narrow beams of electrons with high kinetic energy can be focused, which, upon collision with the atoms of solid bodies, is converted into heat. Electron beam welding allows you to provide excellent conditions for welding, because it contains strong electric fields that can accelerate electrons to very high speeds. Thus, the electron beam can carry high power. The efficiency of the electron beam depends on many factors. The most important of them are the physical properties of the materials to be welded, especially the ease with which the material can be melted or vaporized under low pressure conditions.
The process of electron-beam joining can be so intense that losses of the product due to evaporation or boiling during the welding process must be taken into account during welding work. At lower values of the surface density, the material loss due to evaporation is insignificant for most metals, which is favorable for welding. At a higher power density, the material can completely evaporate within a very short time. The electron beam method is used for melting heat-resistant and durable steels and alloys made of titanium and aluminum, compounds of molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, zirconium, nickel, beryllium, copper, aluminum, etc. For precision processing and welding of micro parts in micro electronics, they are used high-voltage electron-beam guns with a forcing voltage that emits a very thin beam on the product. At the same time, a greater specific power of the beam cone on the connected products is provided. Electron beam welding is used in rocketry and aviation, nuclear power, radio electronics, machine-building and instrument-making enterprises. This method is applicable for connecting metal structures in the conditions of vacuum space in space, repair welding works, construction of space stations, their restoration in case of breakdowns and other similar works. At the same time, a natural cosmic vacuum is used, and the welding equipment is powered by solar energy. Perhaps, for many, the idea of a quarrel has changed after reading these articles. After all, usually a welding machine is taken, a protective mask is put on, the machine is connected to the mains, an electrode is taken and the metal is heated to a liquid state. But, as it turns out, in the welding business there are ways to fasten materials even in the solid state. Progress does not stand still, and perhaps after a few years humanity will invent some new, better and less expensive way of joining the elements that are fastened together.
