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UAC is the first analysis that is prescribed by a therapist or pediatrician, as well as doctors of many other specialties. This is one of the main laboratory studies. Its results provide the doctor with comprehensive information about the patient's state of health.
Based on the result of the 1st analysis, it is not always possible to make a diagnosis and choose a treatment scheme, therefore, after interpreting the results, the doctor will prescribe an additional examination if necessary. For preventive purposes, the UAC is recommended to pass at least once an hour.
The material for research is venous or capillary blood. Complex and lengthy preparation for blood sampling is not required. As a rule, blood sampling is performed in the morning on an empty stomach. Before taking the analysis, it is recommended to drink only plain water, it is advisable to refuse other drinks. If the test is carried out several times to monitor the course of treatment, all tests should be taken at the same time (for example, at 9:00 a.m.). This makes it possible to avoid the influence on the dynamics of the results of the daily fluctuation of indicators.
This is one of the most widely used diagnostic procedures in clinical practice. Many pathological processes in the body affect the composition of the blood, so this test is prescribed during the diagnosis of a wide range of diseases. The results make it possible to identify even those disorders that occur with mild clinical manifestations or are asymptomatic. Also, the analysis must be included in the program of preventive examinations. It is prescribed before vaccination. When monitoring the course of treatment, as well as during pregnancy, the test is carried out several times with a certain frequency. This allows the attending physician to control the dynamics of indicators. If necessary, based on the results of the next analysis, the scheme is changed.
What the UAC shows
The results include a large number of indicators. Each of them characterizes a certain process in the body. Deviations from the norm can indicate various pathologies.
Hemoglobin. It consists of iron and protein. Hemoglobin is the basis of erythrocytes. The main function of the ego is the transport of carbon dioxide and oxygen. The patient's age has a significant effect on the hemoglobin level. In addition, it changes if a person has bad habits. Reference values for women are 117-161 g/l, for men 117-175 g/l. High values may indicate that the patient has heart problems or various blood diseases.
Hematocrit. This term refers to the fate of erythrocytes in human blood. The indicator is used in combination with other data to detect anemia. The norm for men and women is different. For representatives of the stronger sex, it is 37-50%, for women 34-47%.
Average erythrocyte volume. Erythrocytes are the most common cells. They are responsible for the delivery of oxygen to organs and the reverse transport of carbon dioxide, take part in immune protection. This indicator makes it possible to estimate the average size of such blood cells. It plays an important role in the differential diagnosis of anemia. For an adult, normal indicators are 80-100 fl.
Sedimentation rate of erythrocytes. The indicator is used by doctors to identify inflammatory processes. Results below the norm indicate a violation of the normal water-salt exchange. Too high a speed is found in diseases of an inflammatory and infectious nature. In addition, it increases in women during menstruation, pregnancy, and remains above average values for some time after childbirth.
Reticulocytes. These are precursors of erythrocytes. Cell transformation occurs under the influence of hormones. In a healthy body, the number of reticulocytes is maintained at a constant level. A decrease in the number of such cells indicates anemia. Their excessive amount can be a sign of impaired bone marrow functions caused by various diseases. Reference values are 0,5-2%.
platelets. The main function of these blood elements is to ensure normal coagulation. Violation of their number is often a sign of life-threatening diseases (for example, tuberculosis, leukemia). Uncontrolled intake of a number of medications may also be the cause.
Leukocytes. In the body, leukocytes perform a protective function. Both the number of all white blood cells and the quantitative ratio of their individual types are of important diagnostic value.
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