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In Ukraine, driving without a driver's license is usually punishable by a fine of 3400 hryvnias. If the violation is repeated, the fine increases to 40 hryvnias. Even if the driver simply forgot his license at home, he faces a fine of 800 hryvnias.
However, the law provides for exceptions when driving without a license is completely legal. First of all, this applies to driving school students who are undergoing practical training. In such a case, a driver without a license can be behind the wheel, but only in the presence of an instructor who is able to take over the controls at any time. In addition, the car must be marked with a special sign "H" (for "Training"), and in such a situation the police have no grounds for a fine.
Another special category of drivers are professional racing drivers. They can drive without a license on specially equipped tracks, although they usually have the appropriate documents. However, this right does not apply to public roads - in case of violation, they will be liable on general grounds.
In addition, in some cases, driving without a license, although considered a violation, is not punishable by a fine. These are situations of extreme necessity, for example, when the driver is transporting an injured person to the hospital or trying to avoid an emergency. In such cases, the law may consider this as a forced action to prevent more serious consequences.
