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During the three years of the war, Western donors have provided Ukraine with €267 billion in aid, almost half of which is military. Despite the steady flow of funding, the overall level of support remains low compared to the economic capabilities of donors. This is stated in the new Ukraine Support Tracker report, prepared by the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, writes the Correspondent.
According to the study, since February 2022, Ukraine has received approximately €80 billion annually, with European countries becoming the main donors.
In total, Europe allocated €62 billion for military aid, while the US allocated €64 billion. At the same time, financial and humanitarian support from European countries exceeds that of the US: €70 billion versus €50 billion.
Of the total, around €130 billion (49%) was allocated to military aid, €118 billion (44%) to financial support and €19 billion (7%) to humanitarian aid.
The report notes that Western countries' contributions to Ukraine are disproportionately small. For example, Germany, the UK and the US have allocated less than 0,2% of their GDP to aid, while France, Italy and Spain have allocated just 0,1%.
The decline in the US role began in mid-2023, when the US Congress blocked all aid bills. In recent months, US aid has increased again.
“But with President Trump’s return to office, US military aid is likely to stall again. As a result, European governments will be forced to step up their efforts and fill the large gap left by the US,” said Christoph Trebes, head of the Ukraine Support Tracker at the Kiel Institute.
The study indicates a change in the structure of military aid. While at the beginning of the war, over 90% of weapons came from national arsenals, now most of the military support is new orders from industry. In 2023–2024, over 60% of weapons for Ukraine were purchased directly from manufacturers.
This is particularly noticeable in Germany, where almost 75% of military aid is formed by new contracts. In the US, this figure is 48%, in the UK - 22%.
Analysts predict that if Donald Trump wins the election, the US may significantly reduce military support for Ukraine, and Europe will have to take on greater responsibility.
Europe is stepping up joint procurement
European countries are gradually improving the coordination of arms supplies to Ukraine. The largest multilateral initiative is the International Fund for Ukraine (IFU), which pools funding from different countries. Its total budget is €1,6 billion.
In addition, there are other initiatives in place, including the Czech Ammunition Coalition and the NATO Comprehensive Assistance Package for Ukraine.
“Russia’s war against Ukraine is turning into a war of resources and weapons production,” the researchers note.
They emphasize that to effectively support Ukraine, it is necessary to expand defense production capacities, especially in Europe.
