A new study using advanced laser-stimulated fluorescence (LSF) technology has revealed fascinating details of the anatomy of ancient flying reptiles. Scientists focused on the study of the tail membrane of pterosaurs of the Rhamphorhynchus species, revealing in it a complex engineering system that was ahead of its time by millions of years.
The researchers discovered that inside the tail membrane there was a complex lattice structure, which in its structure resembles the structure of the wings of modern airplanes. This natural system allowed pterosaurs to precisely control the tension of the tail membrane during flight, similar to how sailors control the sails of a ship.
The process of development of the tail blade during the life of the animal turned out to be especially interesting. In young individuals, it had a drop-like shape, then in adolescence it acquired the outline of a kite, and in adult pterosaurs it turned into a structure resembling a triangular heart. The internal lattice structure effectively dampens membrane oscillations during flight, significantly improving aerodynamic properties.

Although Rhamphorhynchus were relatively small pterosaurs, about the size of a modern albatross, their relatives, such as Quetzalcoatlus, reached impressive sizes with wingspans of up to 10 meters. These creatures were the first vertebrates to master active flight, appearing around 251 million years ago and ruling the skies throughout the Mesozoic Era until their extinction 66 million years ago.
This discovery is not only of historical importance. Scientists believe that understanding the flight mechanisms of pterosaurs can find practical application in modern technologies. The principles of the structure of their tail membranes can be used in the design of new aircraft, drones and even in the development of innovative tent designs.
Thus, ancient reptiles continue to amaze us with their evolutionary achievements, demonstrating that nature often creates solutions that humanity rediscovers millions of years later.