374
The first ever color map of the Red Planet with a high degree of detail and realistic colors, developed using data obtained as part of the Tianwen-1 mission, launched in 2020. It includes an orbiter, a rover, and several high- and medium-resolution cameras for detailed imaging of the Martian surface.
The map was based on 14800 images of the surface of Mars with a resolution of 76 meters per pixel. The orbiter took pictures from different angles for almost four years (1300 days). Optical data and information obtained with the help of radars allowed the research team to get a more complete picture of the geology of Mars and to study the subsurface structures of the planet.
One of the most difficult tasks for scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences was accurate color correction of images, which required color alignment. The fact is that the photos were obtained at different angles of radiation, as well as through the atmospheric layers of Mars.
The color correction process involved calibrating against reference data obtained during other missions, as well as combining the images in such a way as to minimize differences between them. The result was a "seamless mosaic" in which the deviations between images were reduced to less than one pixel.
It will be recalled that the main purpose of the Tianwen-1 mission, launched by the China National Space Administration (CNSA), was to study the atmosphere, topography and climate of Mars, to prepare for future scientific missions. The resulting cartographic product can be the basis for creating a global map of the Red Planet and is of great importance for future robotic and manned missions - with the help of a colored map, scientists will be able to choose safe places for landing and research.
In addition, such a detailed map will serve as an important tool for geologists, as it allows observing changes in topography and surface features with much greater precision than ever before. Thus, the "Tianwen-1" mission became a significant achievement of Chinese cosmonautics and made a significant contribution to world research of the Red Planet.
