257
During the exercises, the Type 625 SPAAGs were observed to operate with at least two radar systems, improving their ability to detect and engage aerial targets. The machines are equipped with advanced radars and aiming systems, which provides effective anti-aircraft action. Trucks were also visible in the background, indicating logistical support during the exercise.
The Type 625 SPAAG is a key component of the PLAGF's air defense strategy, particularly in high-altitude regions where the thin atmosphere can affect the performance of aircraft and missiles. The Type 625 Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun (SPAAG) is a Chinese-made air defense vehicle designed to provide mobile defense against airborne threats. Production and procurement of the Type 625 began in the early 2010s, and it entered service around 2014.
The Type 625 SPAAG is equipped with twin 25mm automatic cannon and advanced radar and electro-optical guidance systems to detect, track and engage low-flying aircraft, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The system's radar can track multiple targets simultaneously, providing a high level of awareness and prompt response.
The vehicle is also designed to be highly mobile, able to keep up with mechanized and armored units, and can operate in a variety of terrains, including mountainous areas. The inclusion of counter-drone exercises underscores the growing importance of counter-unmanned aerial systems (C-UAS) assets in the PLAGF. As drones become more prevalent on today's battlefield, the ability to detect and neutralize these threats is critical to maintaining air superiority and protecting ground forces.
China is training for high-altitude warfare for several strategic reasons. First, these mountainous regions require complex logistics and specialized military training to ensure troop mobility, survivability, and effectiveness in a hostile environment. Troops must be acclimatized to hypoxia and harsh climatic conditions to maintain their performance. Second, mastering high-altitude operations provides a decisive tactical advantage in potential conflicts with India, as these areas are strategic points for surveillance and territorial control.
Tensions between China and its neighbors, particularly India, stem largely from unresolved territorial disputes and geopolitical rivalries. The 3488-kilometer Sino-Indian border is marked by several disputed areas, including Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh. These regions often serve as flashpoints between the two nuclear powers. One of the most serious incidents in recent years occurred in June 2020 in the Galwan Valley, where fierce clashes between Chinese and Indian soldiers resulted in casualties on both sides. These border conflicts mostly take place at high altitudes, often over 4000 meters, in extreme conditions that require special capabilities and training.
High-altitude combat, especially at levels approaching 5000 meters, presents numerous complex challenges, especially for operations involving armored vehicles. At these altitudes, rarefied air affects the operation of internal combustion engines, reducing their power and efficiency, which can limit the mobility and maneuverability of armored vehicles. In addition, extreme climatic conditions, such as very low temperatures and sudden changes in weather, test the reliability of electronic and mechanical equipment.
Cooling and heating systems must be specially designed to operate in such harsh conditions. Soldiers must also deal with hypoxia, a reduction in available oxygen, which can affect their alertness, stamina and ability to make quick decisions. Logistics also become a major challenge, as transporting supplies, fuel and spare parts to such heights requires careful planning and additional resources. In summary, high altitude combat requires extensive training, adapted equipment, and specially trained troops to operate effectively in an environment where all aspects of combat operations are exacerbated by the hostile environment.
