Colposcopy of the cervix. Features and varieties of diagnostics

Colposcopy of the cervix is a gynecological diagnostic procedure aimed at assessing the condition of the cervix and vaginal structures. It is performed with the help of a special device - a colposcope, in order to examine in detail tissues, blood vessels, mucous membranes and other structures.

Colposcopy can be performed using a simple or advanced procedure. In the first case, an overview diagnosis is carried out without the use of medication. It is aimed at assessing the condition of fabrics, their shape, color and structure. The extended procedure is performed with the use of medications - Lugol's solution, acetic acid, samples with a dye, and other things to detect pathological processes.

Indications for execution

Colposcopy of the cervix is ​​performed in situations where the patient's symptoms indicate the possible development of the following gynecological diseases:

1. cervical erosion;
2. uterine polyps and dysplasia;
3. genital warts, warts, papillomas;
4. cancer of the cervix, vagina, other genital organs.

The procedure is performed as prescribed by the doctor after assessing the general condition of the patient. The reason for its implementation is smearing bloody discharge from the vagina, cycle disorders, pain in the lower abdomen, pain during and after intimate intercourse.

Colposcopy is considered the most optimal diagnostic examination if cervical pathologies are detected. Ultrasound is often used to study the body and cavity of the uterus and ovaries.

Algorithm of the procedure

Cervical colposcopy is optimally performed a few days after the end of menstruation or before it. A couple of days before its execution, you should refrain from intimate intimacy, douching, and the use of vaginal suppositories and sprays. The colposcopy algorithm includes the following actions:

1. placing the patient in a gynecological chair and dilating the vagina with the help of a mirror;
2. placing the colposcope near the vulva and introducing the optical part of the device into the vagina;
3. detailed examination of the mucous membranes of the cervix, the state of epithelial tissues;
4. treatment of tissues with medicinal solutions to identify pathological processes (if an extended procedure is performed).

If during the examination, suspicious phenomena were found, indicating the possible development of the oncological process, then the doctor takes biological material (biopsy) for laboratory research. Performing a colposcopy takes up to twenty minutes, and within a few days after its completion, small bloody discharges from the vagina are possible.

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